Type-writing machine.



B. C. STIOKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION rum) JAN. so, 1003 Patented J nne 9, 191.4.

3 SHBETS-SHEET B. C. STIUKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.30, 190a.

Patented June 9, 1914.

3 SHEETS SHEBT 2.

' 1908' Patented June 9,1914,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BURNHAM C. STICKNEY, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T UNIDERWOOD TYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 9,1914.

Applicationfiled .Tanuary30,1903. Seria1No.141,156.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I BURNIIAM (l. STICK may, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Elizabeth, county of Union, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-\Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the class of visible writing machines in which the type bars are radially arranged and strike rearwardly against a platen.

The object of the invention is to improve the type actions, particularly with a view to providing simple, inexpensive and easyworking movement trains between the keys and types.

In the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a central sectional elevation taken longitudinally of a typewriting machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation taken just forwardly of the type bar segment, the segment and the platenbeing broken away to exhibit the rear A portions of the key-levers and their connections' at the leftside of the figure, and the levers and connections being omitted from the right side of the figure. Fig. 3 is a plan showing the left side of the key lever system. the levers being shown as parallel, and an illustration bcing given of the manner in which the links converge from the levers to the type bars, the extreme left-hand typebar being shown. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan showing the right-hand side of another system of'key levers and links, the levers converging from front to rear, and the links also converging, but not so much as at Fig. 3.

Like signs denote like parts in the several views.

Type bars 1, resting at their forward ends upon a curved pad 2, are pivoted at their rear ends upon a curved rod 3, and-strike rearwardly against a platen 4. The fulcrum ends of the type bars work in radial slots 5 cut upon the upper or inner concave side of a segment 6, and the fulcrum wire 3 rests in a curved slotted seat 7 formed upon the upper edges of the radial fins 8 into which the segment is divided by the slots 5. The segment is inclined from the perpendicular at an angle preferably materially less than forty-five degrees, and the type bars are hence pivoted in an are which inclines forwardly and downwardly from the platemso that the types 9 strike the platen a little above the level of the platen axis, but below a pointmidway of the top andgfront of the platen; the type bar pivots being preferably all below the platen. The segment may be secured at its ends to the top plate 10 of the machine framing,

For operating the type bars I provide a system of bent levers, comprising pendent portions 11 in rear of the type bars and forwardly extending portions 12 beneath the type bars and rigid with the pendentportrons, keys 13 being mounted upon stems 14-v fixed upon the forward cnds'of portions 12.

The pendent portions 11 are pivoted at their upper ends in rear of the platen upon a transverse horizontal rod 15, mounted upon standards 16 at opposite sides of the top plate. To the lower ends of said ortions or arms are pivoted in line at 17 links 18, which extend forwardly to the type bars and are pivoted thereto at 19. The key levers are pivoted at such an elevation as to cause the keys to swing downwardly and rearwardly, the fulcrum rod being at a materially higher elevation than any of the keys, as will be seen at Fig. 1, in which one type action is shown in normal position and another in printing position, the depressed rey being somewhat in rear of its normal position. Preferably the distance from the lever pivots to the keys is greater than the distance from the lever pivots to the points of attachment 17 of the links. By having the former distance double the latter, as illustrated, ample forward and rearward movement of the pivots 17 is secured, so that the necessity is avoided of placing the pivots 19 so close to the type-bar fulcrums as to entail harsh action and binding. By having the lovers thus proportioned, and placing the links 18 substantially at right angles to the pendent arms 11, easy working of the type actions is attained, particularly since this construction involves the use of extra long links as shown, which work more freely than short links between levers which vibrate in parallel planes and type bars which vibrate 1n radial. planes.

The arms 11 are forwardly nicline'a and lie in a plane which is substantially parallel with the plane in which lies the arc of the type bar pivots, so that the fulcrum rod 15 may be placed well toward the rear of the machine where it will not crowd other portions of the typewriter mechanism. By placing the links 18 substantlallyat right angles to the pendent arms 11, the pivots 17 are brought well down toward the bottom of the machine, so that sufficient length of the arms 11 may be had Without projecting them so high as to bevobjeotionable; the lll'lkS thus extending upwardly and forwardly from the levers to the type bars,-and lying at easy working angles to both levers and type-bars,

owing to the inclinations of the arms 11 and the arc of the type bar pivots.

The key levers may be parallel throughout, and the difference in the widths of the key system and type-bar system may be compensated by causing the links 18 to converge from the arms 11 to the type bars, as at Ifig. 3; the extra length of the links permitting considerable difference between the for-ward and rear widths of the link system, without placing the outer links at harsh angles. As illustrated, the direction of pull of the out-er links nearly coincides with the plane or planes in which the outer type bars vibrate, thus conducing to ease of action. The'keylevers may, however, converge from the keyboard to their rear ends, as at Fig. 4, so as to enable thelinks to lie in more nearly parallel planes.

The key levers are provided with three sets of guiding or spacing means, viz., a pendent comb 20 secured by screws 21 to the machine framing and guiding the levers vertically in their movements at their for- I ward or key ends; a comb 22 fixed to a horizontal transverse bar 23 supported at its ends upon the framing, the teeth of the comb 22 extending forwardly and rear wardly and guiding the lower-portions of the pendent arms 11 near the line of pivotal connections 17; and a spacing comb 24 secured to the underside of a horizontal bar 25 which connects the-upper ends of the standards 16, said comb 24 being close to the lever fulcrums. By the provision of the three sets ofguides, thus related, the liability of binding of the levers in any one of the guides is overcome. By the provision of the guide 24, the lever arm 12 is prevented from twisting upon its longitudinal axis sufficiently to bind in the guide 20; while by the provision of the guide 20, the arm 11 is prevented from twisting upon its longitudinal axis in the guides 22 and 24. Thus the cramping actionof levers usual in typewriting machines is entirely overcome.-

This feature of construction is of especial value in connection with the converging links, overcoming the tendency of the outer links to cramp the levers, and enabling the latter to vibrate with the requisite freedom.

In the preferred form of the invention the key-levers have keys at their-forward lower ends and have elevated rear ends fulcrumed at the upper rear portions of the machine frame, the type-bar segment being arrangedbelow the platen and the series of pull links directly connecting the type-bars to the key-levers, the fulcrum of each keylever and the point of connection between it and its link being in a line substantially parallel with the segment, said line. being about in the vertical plane of the link and about at right angles to said link, The main 'body of the links is preferably arranged and moves in a direction nearly at right angles to the plane of the segment.

In the claims where I mention the parts being at right angles to each other, I mean that they are substantially or nearly in this relation, and intend to include allstructures which have substantially this arrangement and perform substantially the described function; and the same is true where I speak of parts being parallel to each other, or having other relations, as for instance, that the segment is parallel to the common plane in'which lie all of the keylever fulcrums and all of the pivotal points by which the links are connected to the keylevers, or where I speak of pull links extending in the directions of their respective type-bars when the latter are in normal idle positions, or that the main'body of the links extends at right angles to the segment.

The fins 8 may be extended upon the forward side of the curved fulcrum wire 3, as at 30, so as to guide the type bars to the printing positions; the forward ends of the links 18 playing behind these fingers. Suitable returning springs 31 may be provided for the type actions.

In operation, the keys are depressed, swinging the bent key leve'rsupon the fulcrum 15, and through the links 18 pulling the type bars up to'print. Upon release of the keys, the parts are returned to normal position by the springs 31.

One of the important. advantages, in a front strike machine, of bending up thekey lever and fulcruming the same at a high elevation, as for instance above the top plate of themachine, arises fromthe backwardand-forward movement of the rear portion of the lever, whose forward portion moves down and up. It is common practice, and is gen rally necessary, to operate the typebars of a front strike machine by devices which move backward and forward; and hence according to my invention, the typebars may be connected, as by means of links 18, to the backward-and-forward moving portions of the key-bearing levers, thus conducing to simplicity of construction, as well as cheapness and ease of operation and absence of liability to get out of order.

Usually, in key levers which extend rearsary to introduce one or more sets of sub-- bearing levers; while the latter, because of their great length, are sufficiently elastic and easy of action, and capable of being guided so as to avoid cramping 1n the guides. My invention, however, is not lim-.

ited to the precise construction shown, so long as the backwardly and forwardly moving parts of the levers are utilized to give required backward and forward movements to other parts of the type actions.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of my invention, and portions of my improvements may be usedwithout others; as for instance in some cases the pivot arc of the type bars may lie ina vertical plane.

Having thus described my invention,- lv claim:

1.In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platenfof a system of typebars mounted in a segment or are to strike rearwardly. against the front of the platen, a system of pendent arms, each of said pendent arms being provided with a forwardly extending key-bearing arm, rigid therewith, and links extending from said type bar are to said pendent arms to move endwise forwardly and rearwardlywith the arms.

2. I n a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a system'of typebars mounted in a segment or arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen, a system of pendent arms in rear of said type bar are, each of said pendent arms being provided with a forwardly extending key-bearing arm, rigid therewith, and links extending from said type bar are to said pendent arms to move endwise forwardly and rearwardly with the arms.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination ofa platen, of a system of pivoted type bars mounted in a segment or are to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen, a system of bent levers each comprising apendent portion, and a portion extending forwardly beneath the'type bars, keys fixed upon the forward ends of said forwardly extending portions, at least a portion of said keys being mounted upon stems rigid with said lever, and forwardlyand rearwardly acting links extending from the type bars to said bent levers, being connected to the latter at points which move forwardly and rearwardly; said levers being fulcrumed at their upper ends at a striking rearwardly against the platen, a system of bent levers consisting of pendent a1.ns fulcrumed at their upper ends, and

forwardly extending key-bearing arms, and

forwardly and rearwardly acting links connecting said type bars to the lower ends of said pendent arms; the pendent arms so mounted in relation to the links that a line extending from the fulcrum of each arm to the pivot of its associated link is in the vertical planc'of .the link and crosswise beneath the type bars, and forwardly and rearwardly acting recumbent links extend mg from the lower portions of said pendent arms to forwardly and rearwardly moving portions of the type bars.

6,,In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a system of type bars mounted in an arc to strike upon the front of the platen, a system of pendent arms in rear thereof, said arms forming portions of bent levers which extend forwardly beneath the type-bars, and forwardly and rearwardly acting recumbent links extending forwardly from said pendent arms to the type bars and inclining from the lat ter downwardly to the levers.

. 7. In a typewriting machine, thecombination with a platen, of a system of type bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen, a series of pendent arms in rear thereof, and inclining slightly forward from their upper ends, said arms forming portions of bent levers which extend forwardly beneath the type bars, and forwardly and rearwardly acting links extending forwardly from said pendent arms to the type bars and inclining from the latter downwardly to the levers.

8. In a typcwriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a system of radial. type bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen, a system of keys; a system of bent levers carrying said keys at their forward ends; said levers extending rearwardly from the keyboard and upwardly in rear of the type bars and being fulcrumed' at their upper ends;

acting connections from the rear portions of. said levers to said type bars; the system of keys-being wider than the system of type bars, and at least one of said lever and connection systems converging so as to sub stantially compensate for difference in the width of the key and type bar systems.

9. Inv atypewriting machine, the combiand a system of forwardly and rearwardly nation with a'platen,"ofasystem-bf type, I

' tlons of. bent levers-which" extend forwardly bars mountedrin an arc'to'strikerearwardly against the front of the platen;.:a-;system of keys; a system of bent levers carrying said keys at their forward-ends; said levers extending rearwardly-from the "keyboard and-upwardly in rear of .thetypezbars-s and being fulcrunied at their" upper ends and a systemof forwardly and rearwardlyact ing links connecting thefrearffportions of said levers "to said type bars; :said'llevers be ing ,parallel from front to rear; and said links converging from the levers to the type bars.

10. In a*typewritingrmachine lthe combintion with-a platen, of a systemof type bars mounted inan arc to stfikewrearwardlyagainst the. front of the -platen,: a system of keys a (system of "bent levers carrying 1 said keys attheir forward xendsg 'said levers extending 5 upwardly. in parallelism ;and being fulcrumed attheir upper :ends ;=-;and1 a system of forwardly and rearwardly acting links converging forwardly from therear 1 portions of the'levers of'the typeibars.

11.- Ina typewriting maehine;i the=combination with a platen, of'a-isystem oftype barsmounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the. front of the platen; a-rsystem of keys; a system of bent levers carrying said keys at their'forward -en ds;"said levers extending rearwardly from the keyboard and upwardly at "their "rear portions and being fulcrumed attheir upper ends; and forward-1y and rearwardly actinglinks convergingjfrom said levers forwardly tonsa id type bars.

12. In a typewritingmachine,"the combination with a platen, of a 'system of type bars mounted in-in arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen; a system of bent levers consisting of pendent arms fulorumed in line at theinupper ends --in' rear of the type bars and forwardly extending key-bearing arms, and forwardly and" rear; wardly acting links converging -,+ifrom the lower ends of sald pendent-arms forwardly t0 the type bars; said links extending for wardly 1- approximately at right angles. to said pendent arms. a y Y 13. a In a" typewriting machine, the "combination with a platenpofa system of type" bars mounted in an arc to strikerearwardly against the front of the platen a system of pendentarms .in rear th'ereof,-- said arms formingportions of bent. "levers whie-hextend forwardly beneath the type-bars, :and forwardly and rearwardly acting links -c0nverging forwardly. and upwardly :from said pendent arms to the type bars.

14. In a typewriting machine,=the combination with a platen, of a system of typebars mounted in an arc tostrikerearwardly against the frontof the platen, a-system of pendent forwardly inclinedarms in, rear of the type bars,- s'aid :arms forming porin substantial" parallelism beneath the type bars and forwardly and rearwardly acting links pivotedtoithe lower portions of said I pendent arms and converging forwardly and upwardly to 'xthetypeb'ars. v

' 15'... In typewriting machine, the combination ofaafp-laten, a system of type bars zpivotedi belo-withea platen in an are which;

inclines downwardly and forwardly ETfIOIIl the platen to strike rearwardly against the front" ofh the platen, a-series ,zofl bent-levers "consist-ing -bf; pendent arins xfulcrumed at their upper ends in rear of. the type ,bars' and key-beating arms extending forwardly beneathfthei type bars, I and forwardly and rearwardly acting links extending forwardly from'said pendentarms to the type-bars.

"'16. In a typewriting imachine, the combination of aplaten, a systemv of type bars perpendicular, a-'system of bent levers consisting "of.- key-bearingjarms extending beneath the type-bars and upwardly and rear 'wardly inclined arms 'fulcrumed at' their upper' ends-in-rear of the type .bars,'a the inclination of said upwardly inclined-arms being substantially the same as that of said arc, and forwardly and' rrearwardly: acting links extending forwardly from said inclined I arms to thetype bars,

17: Ina typewriting machine, the combi} nation ofa platen system of rearwardly striking "type bars pivoted below the platen in an are which inclines downwardly and forwardly from the platen tofstrike uponth e front of the platen, a series of pendent forwardly inclined armsin rear of thetype bars, said arms formingv portions of bent levers which extend: forwardly beneath the type bars, z and forwardly and. rearwardly: acting link extendingflforwardly. and up- "wardlyfrom "said pendent arms to the type .ba-rs.

.i 18.: In a jtypewriting.machine, the combination of a pIaten a-series:of rearwardly striking type bars'pivoted below the platen in an are which inclines downwardlyuand forwardly from the platen to strike against ithe vfront'of. the platen, a series of pendent arms in" rear o'f'the'platen, said arms form:

ing portions of bent levers which extend forwardly beneath the type bars, and forwardly and: rearwardly acting :links conu-verging"forwardly and upwardly from tsaid 1 pendent arms to the type bars.

19. Ina typewriting maohine, the combination with a platen, of asystem :of type *bars' mounted to strike: rearwardly against the front of the platen, a system of bent levers comprising pendent armsirand'fforwardly extending arms, forwardly and rearwardly'acting connections from said pendent arm to'said type bars, and three sets of lateral guiding means for said levers, one set near their forward positions, one set near the portions to which said connections are connected, and one set near their fulcrum portions.

20. In a typewritin machine the combination of a series 0 rearwardly striking type bars, a segment having radial slots upon its concave or upper side, wherein said type bars work, a curved fulcrum wire seated in a slot cut in the upper edges of the fins between said slots, said fins being extended toward the printing point materially beyond said fulcrum wire upon the front side thereof, forwardly and rearwardly acting links connected to the type bars in rear of said fin projections and extending rearwardly from the type bars, pendent arms to which said links are attached at their rear ends, and key-bearing arms rigid with said pendent arms and extending forwardly beneath the type bars.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a system of type bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the platen; a system of keys; a system of bent levers carrying said keys at their forward ends; said levers extending rearwardly from the keyboard and upwardly in rear of the type bars and being fulcrumed at their upperends; and a system of forwardly and rearwardly acting links connecting the rear portions of said-levers to said type bars; said links converging from the levers to the type bars; and a fulcrumrod common to said levers.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation with a platen, of a system of type bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the platen, a system of pendent arms forming portions of bent levers which extend forwardly beneath the typebars, and links pivoted to the lower portions of said pendentarms and converging to the type bars.

23. A front strike writing machine comprising a platen, a system of type bars mounted in an arc to strike against the front side of the platen, a system of key levers pivoted behind the platen and at about the same height as the platen and extending downwardly soas to vibrate forwardly and backwardly, and also having forwardly extending key-bearing portions, and forwardly and backwardly acting links connected to the forwardly and backwardly vibrating portions of said levers and to parts of the type bars which vibrate forwardly and backwardly.

24. A front. strike writing machine comprising a platen and a system of type bars and having bent levers each comprising two arm portions, one of which at its end is piv oted and the other of which at its end bears a key, and forwardly and rearwardly acting links connecting said pivoted arms to the type bars; said type bars mounted in an arc to strike upon the front side of the platen.

25. A front strike writing machlne com prising a platen, type bars striking rearwardly against the front of the platen and having backwardly and forwardly moving portions, a set of up and down movable keys, bent levers on which said keys are mounted, and forwardly and backwardly acting links connecting forwardly and backwardly moving portions of said type bars to forwardly and backwardly moving portions of said bent levers below the fulcrums thereof.

26. A front strike writing machine comprising a platen and type bars mounted in an arc to strike against the front of the platen and having bent levers. comprising forwardly extending arms, and forwardly and rear-wardly acting links extending along said arms and connected at their front ends to the type bars.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and a system of type bars mounted in an arcto strike upon the front of the platen, of key-levers comprising fulcrum-portions which are pendent from fulcrums so that their lower parts swing in a general rearward and forward direction, portions extending forwardly from said pendent portions, stems extending up from said forwardly extending portions, and forwardly and rearwardly acting connections between said pendent portions and the system of type bars.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and a system of type bars mounted in an arc to strike rearwardly against the platen, of key-levers comprising portions pendent from fulcrums to have forward and rearward movements, portions extending forwardly from the lower parts of the fulcrum portions and bearing stems, the type-bars being connected by forwardly and rear-wardly acting connections to portions of the key levers which move forwardly and backwardly.

29. In combination, a platen, a system of type-bars mounted'in an arc to'strike upon the front of the platen, a system of forwardly and rearwardly acting links extending rearwardly from points on the type-bars which move rearwardly and forwardl ,pendent arms to which the rear ends of t e links are connected at points which move backwardly and forwardly, and downwardly and upwardly moving keys u on said arms.

30. The combination with a platen, of keylevers comprising depressible stem portions, port-ions extendlng rearwardly from the stems, and pendent portions erected upon the rear ends of said rearwardly extending portions, forwardly and'rearwardly acting connections attached to said levers at points thereof which swing forwardly and backwardly, and type-bars connected at forwardly and backwardly moving points thereof with said connections, and mounted in an arc to strike upon the front of the platen.

31. A' system of type-bars, a platen, said type-bars mounted to strike against the front of the platen, key bearing levers having arms extending forfwardly and rearwardly and extending upwardly to the lever fulcrums, and links attached to said. levers below the fulcrums thereof and connecting said'levers directly to said type-bars the general direction of movement of said links being forwardly and rearwardly.

32. The combination with a platen,- of

keys which move downwardly and slightly to the rear, links extending from devices which the keys are on, and pulling in a general rearward direction to pull the type-bars upwardly and then rearwardly against the front of the platen.

33. The combination with front-strike radial type-bars, of links extending backwardly and downwardly therefrom and fanning out to the key-levers in planes approximately coincident with the respective typebar planes, said levers'having keys and back-- wardly and forwardly. moving parts to which the links are attached.

34. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a series of rearwardlystriking type-bars,1of a series of key-bearing levershaving arms which extend back from the keyboard under and to the rear of the type-bars and in substantial parallelism, and type-bar operating links extending forwardly and rearwardly and at oneset of their ends connected to said levers and at the other set of their ends converging.

35. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a system of type bars mounted to strike upwardlyand rearwardly against the front of the platen, of a system of pendent arms in rear ofthe type bars and pivoted at their upper ends, means connecting the lower portlons ofsai'd arms to the type bars,

a system ofkeys, and means extending from said keys to said arms to operate them.

36. In a typewriting machine, the combi-' nation with'the machine frame-tend: platen mounted thereon, of a series of key-levers having keys at their forward, lower ends and having elevated rear ends fulcrumed at the upper rear portion of the machine frame, a type-'barsegment arranged below the platen, a series of type-bars pivoted on ,said segment to strike at a common printing point. at the front of the platen, and a series of pull links directly connecting said type-bars and key-levers, the fulcrum of each key-lever and the point of connection clined segment w 38. In a typewriting machine,

between it and its link being in a line substantially parallel to said segment and said line being about in the vertical plane of the link, and about at right angles to the axis of said link.

37. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of. a series of keylevers pivoted atthe upper rear portion of the frame and having a series of finger keys at the lower front portion. thereof, a series of type-bars pivoted on a curved line and 3 having a common printing point between" the front and to of said platen, an iniiereon saidtype-bars are mounted and a series of links directly connecting said type-bars and. said key-levers, the main body of said links being arranged and moving in directions nearly at right angles to the plane of said segment.

the combination with the machine frame and the platen carried thereby, a series of type-bars pivoted ona curved line and having a common printing point a at the front of the platen, said type-bars being normally inclined to the horizontal and a series of keylevers havingupwardly inclined rear portions that are substantially at right angles to the'normal position of the type-bars and a series of inclined links directly cOnnecting' said type-bars and key-levers, the rear portions of saidkey-levers being so mounted from the fulcrum of each key lever to the pivot of its connected link is in the vertical plane of the link and about at right angles thereto. I Y

39. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine vframe and the in relation to the links that a line extending. 0 I

platen mounted thereon, of an inclined type- 1 ar segment in frontof and below the platen, a series of type-bars pivoted'on said segment and having a common printing point'at the front and above the center of the platen, said type-bars in normal po'si tion being at right angles to said segment, a

series of key-levers having keys at theirforward free ends extending beneath saidtypebars and having elevated rear fulcrumed ends, pull links directly connecting said type-bars and key-levers, the fulcrums of said key-levers and the points of connections between said key-levers and links lying in av plane substantially parallel to the plane of said segment and said pull links, being inclined and" arranged substantially in line with said ty e-bars, said elevated rear ends and said lin s being so disposed that a line extending from-the fulcrum of'each keylever to the pivot of its connected link is in the-vertical plane of the link and at right angles thereto. y

40. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and platen 1 mounted thereon, of a type-bar pivoted in front of and below the platen, said typebar bein upwardly and forwardly inclined in idle isition and rearwardly inclined in striking position, a key-lever having an upwardly extended rear end pivoted to the upper, rear portion of the machine frame and havingia finger-key at the lower, front portion of the machine framefand a link directly connecting said ty e-bar and said key-lever, the pivot of .sai key-lever and the point of connect-ion between said lever and said link being in a line substantially parallel to the striking position of said typebar and about at right angles to the idle position thereof, and said line being about in the vertical planeof said link, and about at right angles to the axis of said link.

41. In a typewriting machine, the combinationwith the machine frame and platen mounted thereon, of a series of type'bars having. a common printing point at the front of the platen,a segment parallel to a tangent to the printing point whereonsaid type-bars are mounted, a series of key-levers having keys at the lower, forwardportion of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions fulcrumed at the upper, rear portion of the frame, links directly connecting said type-bars and said key-levers, the fulcrums of said key-levers and the points of connection between said key-le vers and links lying substantially in a common plane parallel to said segment and the main-body of said links being arranged and moving in directions nearly at right angles to said plane and to the plane of said segment.

42. In a 'typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted. thereon, of an upwardly and rearwardly inclined segment arranged in front of and below said platen, a series of type-bars pivoted on said segment and havin a common printing point at the front and a ove the center of said platen, a. series of key-levers having upwardly extending rear ends fulcrumed at the upper rear portion of the'machine frame, the upwardly extended rear end portions of said key-1evers being substantially parallel with said inclined segment, and a series of pull-links directly connecting said type-bars to the upwardly-extended portions of said keylevers.

43. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of an upwardly elevated fulcrumed ends at the rear of the machine frame and pull links directly connecting said type-bars and key-levers, .the oint of connection of said links with said icy-levers and the fulcrums of said keylevers lying in a plane substantially parallel to said inclined segment.

44. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of an upwardly and rearwardly inclined segment arranged in front of and below said platen, a series of type-bars pivoted on said segment and having a common printin point at the front and above the center'o said platen, said,

type-bars being upwai'dly and forwardly.

inclined in idle position and upwardly and rearwardly inclined in striking position and a series of key-levers having keys at the lower front portion of the machine frame and extending rearwardl beneath said typebars, the rear fulcrume ends of said keylevers being elevated above the forward ends thereof and a series of pull links directly connecting said type-bars and key-levers, a plane throu h the points of connection of said links with said key-levers and through the fulcrums of said key-levers being snostantially parallel to said inclinedv segment and the main'body of said links extending nearly at right angles to said plane.

45. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of an upwardly and rearwardly inclined segment arranged in front of and below said platen, a series of type-bars pivoted on said se ment and having a common printing point at the front and above the center of said platen, a series of key-levers having keys at the lower front portion .of the machine frame .and having upwardly and rearwardly inclined rear portions extending to an elevated fulcrum at the rear upper portion of the machine frame and links dlrectly connecting said type-bars and key-levers, the rear' inclined portions of said key-levers being substantially parallel to said inclined segment.

46. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of an upwardly and rearwardly inclined segment arranged in front of and below said platen, a series of type-bars pivoted. on said segment and having a common printing point at the front said key-levers front and above the center of :links that a line joining said type-bars and said key-levers; said pull links extending about in the directions of their respective type-bars when in normal idle positions, and the inclined portions of being so arranged relatively to said links that a line extending from the fulcrum-of each key-lever tothe pivot of its connected link is in the vertical plane of the linkand about atright angles thereto.

47. In a typewriting machine, the combination with themachine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of a series of typebars having a common printing point'at the front and above the center of the platen, an inclined segment parallel to a tangent through the printing point whereon said type-bars are mounted, a series of key-levers having jkeys atthe forward lower portion of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions extending to a common fulcrum at the upper rear portion of the main frame and aseries of pull links directly connecting' said type-bars and the key-levers, the main body of said pull links being arranged nearly at right angles'to the plane of said inclined segment and to a plane extending through the fulcrums of said keylevers and the points' of connection between said key-levers and links.

48, In a typewriting machine, thecombination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of a series of typebars having a common printing point at the inclined segment parallel to 'a tangent through the printing, point whereon said type bars are mounted, a series of key-levers having of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions extending to a common fulcrum at the upper rear portionof the main frame, the upper rear portions of. said keylevers being about parallel to said inclined segment and a series of links directly connecting said type bars and said key-levers, the main body of said links being arranged nearly at right angles to the plane of said segment, and the levers being so arranged with respect to said' the fulcrum of each key-lever to the pivot of its connected link is in the vertical plane of the linl 49. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the. machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of a series of type bars having a common printing point at the front and above thecenterlof the platen, an inclined segment parallel to a tangent through the printing point. whereon said type-bars are mounted, a series of key-levers having keys at the forward lower portion of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions extending to a common fulcrum at the upper rear portionof the main frame, said type-bars the platen, an

keys at the forward lower portion rear po'rtions of said key bars,

being upwardly and forwardly inclined in idle position and upwardly and rearwardly inclined in striking position and a series of pull links, the main body of said links extending in line with said type-bars and directly connecting the same to said key-levers, said main body of links being arranged nearly at right angles to a common plane extendingthrough the fulcrums of said. key-levers and the points of connection of said key-levers with said links.

50. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, .of a series of typebars having a common printing pointat the front and above the center of the-platen, an inclined segment parallel to a tangent through the printing point whereon said type-bars are mounted, a series of key-levers having keys at the forward lower portion of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions extending to a common fulcrum at the upper rear portion of the main frame, the rear portions of said key-levers being arranged substantially parallel to'said inclined segment and said type-bars being upwardly and forwardly inclined in idle position at right angles to the plane of said segment and a series of pull links, the main body of said links extending about. in line with the idle positions vof said type-bars and directly connecting the same with said keylevers. l

51. In a typewritin nation with the mac ine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of a series of typebars having a common printing point at the front and above the center of the platen, an inclined segment parallel to a tangent through the printingpoint whereon, said type-bars are mounted, a seri s of key-levers having of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions fulcrumed at the upper, rear portion of the frame, said type-barsbeing upwardly and forwardly inclined in idle position at-right angles to the plane of-said segment, and a series of pull links, the main body of said pull links extending nearly in line with the idle positions of said type and directly connecting the same with said key-levers, the fulcrums of said keylevers and the points of connection thereof with said linkslying in a common plane substantially parallel with said segment and about at right angles to said pull-links when viewed in side elevation. i I

52. In a typewriting machine, the combimachine the combinationwith the machine frame and the platen mounted thereon, of aseries of typebars havmg a common printing point at the front and above the center of the platen, an

keys at theforward, lower portion 7 series of key-levers having keys at the forward, lower portion of the machine frame and having elevated rear portions fulcrumed at the upper, rear portion of the frame, the rear portions of said key-levers bein arranged substantially parallel to sai inclined segment and said type-bars being upwardly and forwardly inclined inidle position at right angles to the plane of said seg ment, and a series of pull links, the main body of said pull links extending nearly in line with the idle positions of said type-bars, and directly connecting the same with the upwardly-inclined rear portions of said keylevers.

53. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the machine frame and aplaten mounted thereon, of an upwardly and rearwardly inclined segment arranged in front of and below the platen, a series of typebars pivoted on said segment and having a common printing oint at the front and above the center 0 said platen, a series of key-levers having ke s at the lower, forward portion of the mac ine frame and having elevated rear portions fulcrumed at the upper rear portion of theframe, and links directly connecting said type-bars and keylevers, the fulcrums of said key-levers and the points of connection between said key- ,levers and links lying substantially in a common lane parallel to a tangent through the printing point, and the main body of said links being arranged and moving in directions nearly at right angles to said plane, when said links are viewed in side elevation.

54. In a front strike writin machine, the combination with a system of eye, a system of U shapedkey levers each comprising a key-bearing stem, a forwardly and rearwardly extending portion and a member extending upwardly from the latter and pivoted or fulcrumed at its uppgillend, of a curved system of rearwardly strl g type bars having forwardly and rearwardly moving portions fulcrumed in rear of said keys, and means connecting said forwardly and rearwardly moving portions to the lowermost rear portions of said key levers.

55. In a typewritin machine, the combination of a series of eye, a series of keybearing levers extending rearwardly from the key board and fulcrumed at their rear ends, the fulcrums being at least as high as the front bank of keys, said levers extending downwardly from their fulcrums and then forwardly to their key ends; movement-transmitting devices connected to said levers immediately below said fulcrums, and a system of rearwardly striking type bars fulcrumed in rear of said keys and. having forwardly and rearwardly moving arms 0perable by said transmitting devices.

56. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a system of ty e bars and a system of levers connected t ereto, each lever comprising a pendent arm and a key hearing arm extending forwardly therefrom, of guides for the upper and lower ends of the pendent arms, and guides for the key hearing arms.

57 In a typewriting machine, the combinationwith a platen, of a system of type bars mounted in an upstanding arc to strike rearwardly against the front of the platen,

a set of-pendent arms arranged in rear of 

